Modern view of the phenomenon of professional burnout of Palestinian medical workers
Keywords:
medical workers, emotional burnout, exhaustion, depersonalization, healthAbstract
Such factors of working conditions as biological, chemical, physical, stressful and difficult work process, work under conditions of psycho-emotional overstrain undoubtedly affect the health of medical per-
sonnel and can directly lead to the development of emotional burnout. For a developing country that has suffered from constant Israeli control, COVID-19 and ongoing Israeli military attacks, it is most likely that all aspects of health, whether mental, social or physical, will be affected. These existing conditions are the basis for this study.
The objective of this study was to assess emotional burnout among medical professionals in Palestine.
Palestinian medical workers face the difficult task of providing medical care to citizens at the present stage, taking care of themselves and their families, and in addition to professional factors, military actions can affect the mental health of medical personnel. It has been established that these factors have led to the development and increase in the level of emotional burnout among medical workers, which in the future may be a high risk of outflow of medical personnel, leaving the profession, which in general will lead to a deterioration of the country's healthcare system, causing serious humanitarian problems. Urgent measures must be taken to restore peace in the region and establish working conditions for medical workers that allow them to calmly perform their professional duties without additional stressful situations. The Palestinian Government should strengthen health and safety policies for health workers in the region.
References
1. Frank J.R., Taber S., van Zanten M., Scheele F., Blouin D. The role of accreditation in 21st century health professions education: report of an International Consensus Group. BMC Medi-cal Education, 2020, no. 20, art. 305. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-020-02121-5
2. Thomas J.F., Luke V. What role for learning health systems in quality improvement within healthcare providers? Learning Health Systems, 2017, no. 4(1), pp. 5–12. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/lrh2.10025
3. Mohanty A., Kabi A., Mohanty A.P. Health problems in healthcare workers: A review. Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care, 2019, no. 8(8), pp. 2568–2572. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_431_19
4. Beheza L.E. Theoretical and empirical analysis of emotional burnout of doctors. Fundamental and Applied Researches in Practice of Leading Scientific Schools, 2021, no. 42(6), pp. 27–30. DOI: https://doi.org/10.33531/farplss.2020.6.6
5. Ратушная Н.Ш., Елисеева Ю.В. Гигиеническая оценка влияния условий труда и психоло-гической обстановки в коллективе на риск развития эмоционального выгорания у меди-цинских работников // Санитарный врач. 2021. № 9. С. 6–11. DOI: https://doi.org/10.33920/med-08-2109-06
Ratushnaya N.S., Eliseeva Y.V. Hygienic assessment of the influence of working conditions and the psychological situation in the team on the risk of emotional burnout in medical work-ers. Sanitarnyj Vrač (Sanitary Doctor), 2021, no. 9, pp. 6–11. (In Russ.). DOI: https://doi.org/10.33920/med-08-2109-06
6. Stehman C.R., Testo Z., Gershaw R.S., Kellogg A.R. Burnout, drop out, suicide: Physician loss in emergency medicine, part I. Western Journal of Emergency Medicine, 2019, no. 20(3), pp. 485–494. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5811/westjem.2019.4.40970
7. Teo I., Sung S.C., Cheung Y.B., Wong W.H.M., Abu Bakar Aloweni F., Ang H.G., Ayre T.C., Chai-Lim C., Chen R., Heng A.L., Nadarajan G.D., Ong M.E.H., Soh C.R., Tan B.H., Tan K.B.K., Tan B.S., Tan M.H., Tan P.H., Tay K.X.K., Wijaya L., Tan H.K. Burnout, anxiety and depression in healthcare workers during the early COVID-19 period in Singapore. Singapore Medical Journal, 2024, vol. 65, suppl. 1, pp. 26–29. DOI: https://doi.org/10.11622/smedj.2021156
8. Fernández-Sánchez J.C., Pérez-Marmol J.M., Santos-Ruiz A.M. Burnout and executive func-tions of palliative care workers: The impact of burnout on decision making. Sist Sanit Navar, 2018, no. 41(2), pp. 171–180. DOI: https://doi.org/10.23938/ASSN.0308
9. WHO Health conditions in the occupied Palestinian territory, including east Jerusalem, and in the occupied Syrian Golan. 2013. P. 1–13.
10. Mohammed A. et al. State accountability for the good health of Palestinians has failed: what can the global health community do next? Human Rights Journal, 2022, no. 24(1), pp. 77–84.
11. Adel M. Health challenges in Palestine. Science & Diplomacy, 2013, no. 1(2), pp. 1–6.
12. Al-Sheikh S.S. A., Alsousi Al.S. COVID-19 vaccines and epidemic trends of COVID- 19 in Palestine running title: COVID- 19 trends in Palestine. Israa University Journal of Applied Sci-ence, 2022, no. 6(1), pp. 42–51. DOI: https://doi.org/10.52865/KYQN9708
13. Mahamid F.A., Veronese G., Bdier D. Fear of coronavirus (COVID-19) and mental health out-comes in Palestine: The mediating role of social support. Current Psychology, 2023, no. 41(10), pp. 8572–8581. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-021-02395-y
14. Al-kafarna M. et al. Public knowledge, attitude, and acceptance toward COVID-19 vaccines in Palestine: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health, 2022, no. 22(1), pp. 1–10. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-022-12932-4
15. Hamarsheh O. COVID-19 outbreak In Palestine: early response and national strategies imple-mented in confronting the epidemic. Al-Quds Journal for Academic Research, 2023, no. 1(3), pp. 4–20. DOI: https://doi.org/10.47874/2023:PP:14-20
16. Hejaz H.A. Palestinian strategies, guidelines, and challenges in the treatment and management of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19). Avicenna Journal of Medicine, 2020, no. 10(4), pp. 135–162. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4103/ajm.ajm_171_20
17. Badwan N. Pandemic COVID-19 and macroeconomic indicators: a study of the structural fac-tors exacerbating Palestine’s economic crisis. South Asian Journal of Social Studies and Eco-nomics, 2022, no. 14(2), pp. 19–40. DOI: https://doi.org/10.9734/sajsse/2022/v14i230376
18. Tony W., Dina N. Access to healthcare for children in Palestine. BMJ Pediatrics Open, 2017, no. 1(1), pp. 1–6. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjpo-2017-000115
19. Maraqa B., Nazzal Z., Zink T. Palestinian health care workers’ stress and stressors during COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study. Journal of Primary Care and Community Health, 2020, no. 11, pp. 1–7. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/2150132720955026
20. Brune C. et al. Experience of moral distress among doctors at emergency departments in Stockholm during the Covid-19 pandemic: a qualitative interview study. International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well-Being, 2024, no. 19(1), pp. 1–14. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/17482631.2023.2300151
21. Miljeteig I. et al. Priority-setting dilemmas, moral distress and support experienced by nurses and physicians in the early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic in Norway. Nursing Ethics, 2021, no. 28(1), pp. 66–81. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0969733020981748
22. Schneider J.N. et al. Moral distress in hospitals during the first wave of the COVID-19 pan-demic: a web-based survey among 3,293 healthcare workers within the German Network Uni-versity Medicine. Frontiers in Psychology, 2021, no. 18(12), pp. 1–6. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.775204
23. Smolnikova P.S. et al. The prevalence of emotional burning-out syndrome of medical workers in the Russian Federation: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Pubmd, 2023, no. 3(31), pp. 1–5. DOI: https://doi.org/10.32687/0869-866X-2023-31-3-387-399
24. Neplyueva G.A. et al. Prevalence of professional burnout among practicing cardiologists in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. Russian Journal of Cardiology, 2023, no. 28(1), pp. 1–8.
25. Hamdan M., Hamra A.A. Burnout among workers in emergency Departments in Palestinian hospitals: Prevalence and associated factors. BMC Health Serv Res., 2017, no. 17(1), pp. 1–7. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-017-2356-3
26. Gold K.J. et al. Gender differences in stress and burnout: department survey of Academic Family Physicians. Journal of General Internal Medicine, 2021, no. 36(6), pp. 1811–1813. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11606-020-06287-y
27. Nadkarni A., Biswas J. Gender disparity in cognitive load and emotional labor – threats to women physician burnout. JAMA Psychiatry, 2022, no. 79(8), pp. 745–749. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2022.1382
28. Markus C. et al. Gender differences in different dimensions of common burnout symptoms in a group of clinical burnout patients. Neuropsychiatry, 2018, no. 8(6), pp. 1967–1976. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4172/Neuropsychiatry.1000539
29. Artz B., Kaya I., Kaya O. Gender role perspectives and job burnout. Rev Econ Househ, 2022, no. 20(2), pp. 447–470. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11150-021-09579-2
30. Veen M. et al. Work characteristics and emotional exhaustion among young workers: a latent class analysis. BMJ Open, 2023, no. 13(10), pp. 1–8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2023-074386
31. Johnson S.J. et al. Age, emotion regulation strategies, burnout, and engagement in the service sector: Advantages of older workers. Revista de Psicología del Trabajo y de las Organi-zaciones, 2017, no. 33(3), pp. 205–216. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rpto.2017.09.001
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Самех Кехаил, Эбенезер Акуоко, Марина Владимировна Аленицкая
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
