Modern concepts about the role and representation of macrophages in various tissues of the body

Abstract

Macrophages have an essential role in the immune system, participating in the processes of inflammation, tissue regeneration and homeostasis maintenance. Modern studies focus on the plasticity and functional heterogeneity of macrophages, their interaction with microenvironment cells and their involvement in the pathogenesis of various diseases, including cancer, atherosclerosis and neurodegenerative disorders. The review systematizes data published over the past five years on the characteristics and additional properties of macrophages in various tissues, their role in the immune response and the possibilities of therapeutic modulation. The presented results highlight the prospects for using macrophages as targets for developing new approaches to treatment.