Methods of determination of the degree of concrete resistance to ice abrasion (review)

Abstract

Development of offshore hydrocarbon deposits in the Arctic and sub-Arctic seas requires due consideration for ice impacts on offshore hydraulic structures. Abrasion wear of ice protection and other structures from the abrasive effects of ice is a very important factor to be considered at their design phase. This process can cause surface deterioration and destruction of the construction material, particularly concrete, and can lead to the exposure of reinforcement, which is unacceptable from the point of safety of operation of such unique structures. The existing methods of designing concrete and reinforced concrete elements of the hydraulic structures disregard the parameters of concrete resistance to ice abrasion; therefore, it is necessary to conduct appropriate experiments on concrete-ice abrasion. This article provides an overview of methods for experimental determination of the depth of ice abrasion. The studies were carried out in different countries at different facilities with their own advantages and disadvantages. Based on the analysis of best world experience, the authors present a unique abrasive unit developed at the Far Eastern Federal University. Analysis of the data presented in the review shows the advantages of this installation and contributes to the development of a normative method for determining the resistance of building materials to ice abrasive effects.