Increasing the load-bearing capacity of the beam

Abstract

It is noted that I-beams have the greatest load-bearing capacity. At the same time, due to the wide distribution and availability of pipe rolling, tubular beams are often used in practice. The load-bearing capacity of an I-beam is almost twice as high as that of a tubular one. The purpose of this work is to increase the load-bearing capacity of tubular beams, which will expand the range of building structures. A geometric long body, the lateral surface of which has a rectilinear generatrix, has a maximum volume (for a given lateral surface) if its cross section has the shape of a circle, which corresponds to a round pipe. A tubular beam with liquid filler is a round pipe plugged at both ends, completely (without air cavities) filled with liquid. When a hydraulic beam is loaded, its side surface tends to deform. Consequently, the internal volume of the pipe tends to decrease. But, since the liquid is incompressible, it does not allow a decrease in volume, which, in turn, prevents the pipe from deforming. In a hydraulic beam, the entire load, thanks to the fluid, is distributed relatively evenly over the entire inner surface of the beam. An estimate was obtained that the load-bearing capacity of the hydraulic beam is five times greater than that of an I-beam and ten times greater than that of a tubular beam.