Value Orientations in the Traditional Culture of the Nivkhs (Based on the Folklore Materials)

Abstract

The article analyzes the spiritual-moral and moral-ethic values
that are reflected in the traditional Nivkh folklore. Most of them
have universal human significance, but they were shaped by
the habitat and ethno-cultural specifics of the indigenous Far
Eastern peoples. Good heroes of Nivkh folklore are an example
of a correct lifestyle bequeathed by ancestors, while negative
characters are always punished for their unseemly actions. Oral
texts are used in folk pedagogical practice. The most important
values are related to kinship, natural environment, and priority of
traditional culture. The author emphasizes the frank poetization
of sublime love, which distinguishes the Nivkh folklore from
the traditions of the neighboring Tungus-Manchu peoples. The
possible influence of Japanese culture on the assessment of the
problem of suicide is noted. The study showed transformation
of a number of value concepts under the influence of changing
reality.