Value Orientations of Tungus-languages Peoples: Sustainability and Development

Abstract

Social, cultural, mental attitudes correspond to the system of values of each nation; universal human values have their own specifics in each ethnic environment. On the materials of Tungus-Manchu folklore, the socio-cultural values which were significant at different stage of traditional society were considered. Author used such scientific methods as structural-functional, comparative historical, typological. The main attention was paid to marriage norms, the duties of members of patrimonial collective in relation to the destitute tribesmen and mutual assistance. It was noted that the concern for the preservation of the traditions was connected with the veneration of the precepts of the divine ancestors. Folk stories about the oppression of orphans appeared as a result of the transformation of the primitive communal organization. In the heroic epic, there was marked the idealization of ancient phenomena – blood revenge and polygamy. The discrepancy between real behavior and value norms that were fixed in folklore was shown.